Survival Essays (3060 words) - Camping, Firelighting, Tinder

Survival SURVIVAL Table of Contents CHAPTER PAGE NUMBER 1. DEFINITIONS 2 2. SHELTERS 2-3 3. FIRE 3-6 4. FOOD 6-7 5. WATER 7 6. TOOLS 8 7. SURVIVAL KITS 9-10 DEFINITIONS Survival ? Survival is emerging from natural or manmade disaster in a better position than the average person. Preparedness ? Preparedness is making preparations before disaster or disasters strike to improve your chances of survival. SHELTER Shelters are made to stay out of the wind, rain, and sun. Shelters are also used to live in and get plenty of rest. There are many types of shelters. The shelters are classified in to two categories, natural and man made. Natural shelters are shelters that you can find naturally made or not man made. There are many natural shelters. Here are some examples of natural shelters, caves, rocky overhangs, thickets, and many more. You can also find some other types of natural shelters. Man made shelters are shelter that you make. You may be lucky and find an abandoned building or some type of shelter. There are many types of man made shelters like lean-to's, igloos, brick shelters and many more. Here are some examples below that you can make. You can also create and make your very own shelter for your specific needs. Lean -To shelters are shelters that you lean branches or some item onto another. You just need branches or trees, leaves and ferns. Ferns will help waterproof the roof and any other areas that you want waterproofed. Mud brick shelters are sturdier but may take longer to build. You cut the turf in to the size of bricks you want. Then you can build the walls for the shelter. Next you need to build a roof (ferns would work well). Igloos can be made if there is snow. You need a snow pile. First put a backpack or some object in snow at top. Then, dig out an entrance that is big enough for you to get in and out. Next, dig until you find backpack or object, then pull it out carefully. Finally, excavate or shape the inside. Here are some ideas of shelter that you may be able to build. FIRE To build a fire you need three types of materials. The three types of material are tinder, kindling and fuel. Tinder Birch Bark Fine wood shavings Dead grass, leaves Straw Sawdust Dead evergreen needles Completely rooted parts of dead logs Bird down(fine feathers) Milkweed, dry cattails, bulrush Fine, dried vegetable fibers Lint from pocket and seams Waxed paper Gunpowder Cotton Kindling Small twigs Small strips of wood Split wood Heavy cardboard Pieces of wood removed from the inside of larger pieces Wood that has been doused with highly flammable materials such as gas, oil, or wax Fuel Dry, standing wood and dry, dead branches Dry inside (heart) of fallen tree trunks and large branches Green wood that is finely split Dry grasses twisted into bunches Peat dry enough to burn (this may be found at the top of undercut banks) Dried animal dung Animal fats Coal, oil shale, or oil lying on the surface BUILDING THE FIRE Building a fire may take some time, but in the end it is worth it. There are for main ways to build or lay a fire. They are Teepee, Lean ? To, Pyramid, and Cross ? Ditch. Teepee ? Arrange the tinder and a few sticks of kindling into the shape of a teepee or cone. Light the center and the outside logs will fall inward, feeding the fire. Lean-To -Push a stick into the ground at a 30 angle, with the end of the stick pointing into the wind. Put tinder far under the lean-to stick. Lean some kindling against the lean-to stick. As the kindling catches fire add more wood or fuel. Pyramid- Place two larger logs parallel on the ground. Place a solid layer of smaller logs across the two logs. Add 3 to 4 more layers, each layer smaller than the last. Make a small starter fire on top, as it burns it will light the logs below it. Cross-Ditch- Scratch a cross about 12 inches in size on the ground, and about 3 inches deep. Put

The Anticoagulation Therapy Essays

The Anticoagulation Therapy Essays The Anticoagulation Therapy Essay The Anticoagulation Therapy Essay Introduction Deep venous thrombosis condition affects a significant amount of population in the United States. Other conditions have symptoms similar to those of the disease and therefore its detection takes time. The condition requires serious medical attention since the patient is prone to other complications attracted by the lack of proper treatment. A substantial amount of deaths is associated with the condition making it necessary to find the right treatment to suppress it. Summary An anticoagulant therapy for deep venous thrombosis prevents the clotting of blood in the bloodstream. It involves the use of medicine to make the blood thin hence prevent the formation of a clot. Research has shown that anticoagulants have been significantly improving the health of people having the Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT). This has contributed to the prevention of recurrence of the blood clots after undergoing treatment hence it is an effective mode of administering treatment to people with this condition. The therapy uses Heparin as an anticoagulant. The two types of heparin used in treatment of DVT are unfractionated and low-molecular weight heparin. Research has proven that both have the similar effects on the therapy procedure hence none of them claims superiority over the other in terms of results. The heparin is induced into the body through injection and the health providers undertake outpatient treatments where the DVT case is not complicated, and the patients are allowed to administer the heparin for themselves. Other types of anticoagulants include warfarin and Pradaxa, ingested orally into the body. However, this has to be accompanied by long-term anticoagulation after the first treatment. The medication has prevented deaths that would have occurred due to this condition and symptoms for the condition have been improved. It has also contributed to the reduction in the incidence of DVT in the population. The patients at a great risk of contracting this disorder due to family history have also benefited tremendously since anticoagulation can be used as a preventive measure for the disorder. The treatment also leaves the patients with no observable complications arising from the administering of the anticoagulants into their body system. Known Terminologies Recurrent DVT anticoagulant Unknown Terminology Pulmonary embolism is a condition where the lungs experience blockage of its main artery often due to Deep Venous Thrombosis. The substance that causes the blockage travels through the bloodstream from its point of entry in any part of the body. This causes difficulty in breathing and chest pains during breathing which is as a result of poor oxygen circulation in the body which also causes a faster heart rate. The condition also causes a reduction in blood flow to the lungs for pumping to the body hence causes the patient to collapse or die. Anticoagulation is used as a form of treatment for the condition. When heparin treatment starts, the doctors inject the heparin into the blood stream continuously for some time until the accepted level of heparin in the body is reached. This works in the introduction of the right amount of the anticoagulant into the body for the performance of the therapy session. Continuous anticoagulant ingestion reduces the chances of experiencing recurrent thrombosis. Conclusion However, the anticoagulant therapy for deep venous thrombosis is not a perfect mode of treatment despite been highly recommended for its efficiency. There is a risk of experiencing significant bleeding after the procedure since the anticoagulant is meant to prevent the clotting of blood in the body. The lack of ability of blood to clot could lead to excessive bleeding, which if not stopped in time may result in death. The patients should, therefore, avoid situations that may cause such an occurrence. The therapy could also result in itching, development of rashes, fragile skin prone to bruising and under skin bleeding. The administering of this kind of medication requires consistency since inconsistent dosage may have vital side effects since many blood clots would be formed in the bloodstream preventing blood circulation to various parts of the body. The symptoms vary depending on the risk factors faced by the patient hence the effect of the therapy varies. Scheimber Donald. Advantages of Anticoagulant Therapy: General Principles of Anticoagulant in Deep Venous Thrombosis. March 29, 2011. Web. March 18, 2013

Individual Assignment (80%) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Individual Assignment (80%) - Essay Example Shell UK has been reviewing its supply chain and looking into ways in which it can improve its production through innovation and technology (Shell UK Plc., 2012). This paper identifies opportunities and inhibitors of creativity in the company and their impact on organisational performance of Shell. Additionally it identifies one innovation that would have made the most impact on Shell and individual contribution towards the company’s creative ability by applying the relevant theories. Shell UK has the key responsibility to meet energy demand and provide affordable and clean energy. The company is in the second spot in the UK market and the fifth largest globally. It is the leading tax payer in the economy and the number one company in market capitalisation. The company was established in 1897 and has opened offices in various parts of the country. Though the company’s business has reduced slightly in the recent past, it is still one of the leading companies in the UK. S hell UK boasts of having a workforce composed of 6400 skilled workers and a sufficient number of contractors (Shell UK Plc., 2012). The UK market is unique since it has like- minded climate policies and international ideologies of leadership shared by Shell UK. Lastly, the UK population is a rich source of brilliant recruits that specialise in the Projects and Technology and Upstream where they bring their invaluable knowledge in leadership and management capacities. Background of the Company Shell is an energy company that operates the oil and gas sectors in the United Kingdom. The company concentrates on fuel service systems that manufacture a variety of chemicals and fuels for industrial use and domestic use. Additionally, the company takes part in research projects which include technologies that are involved in engineering, lubricants, additives and the environment. The company’s main core objectives focus on helping the company meet the international demand for energy a t low prices, provide competitive shareholder gains and to be a future energy provider. The company’s activities can be broken down into three categories, Upstream, Downstream and Projects and Technology (Shell UK Plc., 2012). The company organization is in line with the definition of an organization since it is a social entity that has clearly laid out objectives, boundaries and a well developed structure (Butler, 1991). However, the organizational structure is characterized by bureaucracy and has limitations bound by the entity’s rules and regulations. The strategic and tactical levels in the organization can be viewed to the major agents of change. Shell UK Nature of Change In the modern world, the future of the organization has become increasingly unpredictable (Furnham, 2000). Additionally, the oil and gas industry which Shell operates in have been experiencing the imminent threat of scarcity of resources and increased competition (Crooks, 2010). This section give s a discussion of its external environment since it is believed to have a profound influence on the company’s activity (Brooks, 2004). The strong influence on the external environment can be traced by analyzing the socio- cultural and technological factors (Senior & Swailes, 2010). Some of the socio- cultural factors affecting the company are caused by the company’s exploration activities in harsh enironments. In the recent past, Shell UK suffered from a huge capital spending followed by a considerable reduction in